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Home > Health Information > Children's Health > Adolescence  Printer Friendly Page Printable Version

Diabetes

Diabetes and Children Statistics

The risk of developing type 1 diabetes is higher than virtually all other severe chronic diseases of childhood.

Peak incidence occurs during puberty, around 10 to 12 years of age in girls, and around 12 to 14 years of age in boys.

The symptoms for type 1 diabetes can resemble the flu in children.

Type 1 diabetes tends to run in families. Brothers and sisters of children with type 1 diabetes have about a 10 percent chance of developing the disease by age 50.

The identical twin of a person with type 1 diabetes has a 25 to 50 percent chance of developing type 1 diabetes.

Teens and diabetes:

Although the teenage years can be a challenge for any child as he/she goes through sexual and emotional changes, it can be especially trying for adolescents with diabetes. Adolescents inherently want to "fit in." Being different in any way from his/her peers can be emotionally stressful, especially for the teenager.

The teen who previously complied very well with his/her diabetes management plan may now become rebellious and refuse to comply. He/she may also experience denial of the disease, or display increasingly aggressive behavior in reaction to the stress of managing diabetes, during a time in life that is challenging enough already.

One aspect of diabetes management - blood sugar control - is especially hard during adolescence. Researchers believe the growth hormone produced during adolescence to stimulate bone and muscle growth may also act as an anti-insulin agent. Blood sugar levels become harder to control, resulting in blood sugar levels that swing from too low to too high. This lack of control over blood sugar levels can be very frustrating for your teenager.

Helping your teenager cope:

Open communication between you and your teenager with diabetes is important during these years. You should recognize that your teenager wants to be treated as an adult, even if that means letting him/her take charge of his/her own diabetes management plan. Parents should also recognize that teenagers need the following:
  • spontaneity
    Adolescence is a time of spontaneity, such as stopping for pizza after school. However, the teenager with diabetes also needs to realize that managing his/her diabetes successfully will give him/her the flexibility that is craved.

  • control
    Teenagers want to be in charge of their own lives and create their own identities. To achieve this control, the teenager will test limits. However, a teenager with diabetes can learn that to exert control over his/her diabetes, he/she is learning to gain control over other parts of life.

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